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Exploring the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Society

1. Introduction to Artificial Intelligence

What is artificial intelligence? The not adequate definition of this concept has continued to be the effort to replicate the depth of human intelligence by software/computer systems/humanoid bodies. In terms of the technology conceptual framework, we are familiar with digital intelligence as an application of electronics and software to the problem of representing tasks requiring intelligence. From the generic capability, the shift has been from systems that calculate to systems that perceive and process. People convincing perspective also describes artificial intelligence as knowledge engineering, the ability to represent and use understanding to guide behavior. With this contextual framework, artificial intelligent entities are currently used in a variety of tasks which require sophisticated reasoning, planning, perception, learning and communicating.

We are on the edge of change that is unprecedented in human history. We are in the endeavor of creating entities which will be across the board better than we are under the fundamental level. One important area of this change will be with respect to the bound of human intellect. We will create better and wiser entities who can use the massive progress of engineering to extend the intelligence which we have in the limited biology each of us is guaranteed via individual, and hence random, genetic process. This bound of human intellect improvement is related to the concept of artificial intelligence and we will spend this short essay to explore how this new level of intellect can redefine such important social entities as civil construction and knowledge transfer from one generation to the next.

2. Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Various Sectors

Artificial intelligence and cognitive technologies can help by establishing and fulfilling e-Government, e-Diplomacy, e-Credentials, e-Security, e-Health, and e-Marketplaces, by establishing e-Signatures and e-Auditing. Particularly notable, at the present time, are the e-Economy and electronic markets—or better said, the e-Markets. Ultimately, artificial intelligence can also contribute to significant achievements in sustainable development and contribute to the evolution of globalization and the wider sense of globalizing peace. However, application areas of AI also give rise to significant competition—and necessary attention to more risk and variable factors. Social studies and the law have to be thoroughly updated in their ability to support the development of AI in support of man and not against man’s interests.

Artificial intelligence has found applications in almost every aspect of our daily lives, including the health sector, education, criminal law, economy, politics, diplomacy, criminology, military practice, environment, electronic commerce, financial fraud detection, art, culture, banking, communication, entertainment, industry, human resources, tourism, and transport.

3. Ethical and Societal Implications of AI

If issues of ethics and sentiment are not properly addressed, AI technology will not be widely accepted. Considerations of safety, reliability, and legal compliance should take ethical and societal implications as a requirement, rather than a dispassionate interest. Confidence in AI among the general public, developers, and stakeholders is more likely when ethical and legal systems function effectively within AI. In autonomous AI, patterns of behavior relating to experience can apply the consequences of taking unethical actions. This can be enabled through dealing with the problem of ethical decision-making in an optimization problem. Ultimate control over the unmanned operation can be delegated to a human-supervised AI module, effectively defining the inheritance of workable ethical implications.

It is necessary for developers to consider the ethical and philosophical questions concerning AI and to understand that smart machines should reflect the ethical beliefs of their users. However, communicating the same belief to an AI system that we would to an underage child is not possible. Moreover, the point of view of a society or corporate enterprise is not always unified. The future of AI will be shaped in the process of human communication and, as such, people can indeed speak on behalf of future robots and AI. In AI, it will be necessary to provide robotic systems with capabilities for understanding ethical concepts. It is even possible that these may not match the concept of ethics used in present research, but in order to create more intelligent robots we require not only the best technology, but the most reliable and well-tuned ethical systems working within them.

4. Challenges and Future Directions in AI Research

This report addresses the past, present and future of research in AI. It was stimulated by the following concerns: the unlikeliness of traditional AI goals to be achieved in the ways they were originally conceived; stagnation of interest in AI in many disciplines where research continues to be relevant; the distorted understanding of AI by the general public resulting from partial and biased accounts given by the media; and the misleading impression created by the hype surrounding specific systems which are inaccurately claimed to achieve capabilities surpassing those of humans.

The following six themes are identified as major challenges facing the AI community: (i) Producing good, computable models of human knowledgeable and cognitive skills; (ii) Decomposing industry problems to enable more cost-effective solutions; (iii) Building robust systems with the flexibility to use qualitative models; (iv) Ensuring system development and deployment benefit from feedback based on practical experience; (v) Addressing the AI ethical issue in development, deployment and application domains; and (vi) Raising the level of consciousness in society regarding the nature of Artificial Intelligence through proactive efforts in science education.