disaster management

disaster management

Effective Strategies in Disaster Management

1. Introduction to Disaster Management

Thunderstorms, tornadoes, floods, blizzards, and heavy windstorms can arise suddenly and destroy property, causing human death. The decomposing area health department informs that exposed people are at high risk of 30 fictitious decompositions. Emergency management can help the community in controlling attributes like the nurse college faculty, utilizing natural resources available in the community, and implementing countermeasures for both internal and external factors. Disaster management concepts, methods, processes, and tools can be networked separately and used during a disaster response operation. Qualified and experienced professionals provide training and information to assist with community preparedness, and local expertise can be called upon when dealing with a disaster. Information about people who may be present after a disaster has occurred can be found at a local planning office, including fire medical examiners and disaster information. Each community will have different people to deal with based on the natural hazards they face, and it is important for health and other officials to work together to gather more information.

The current paper presents the conceptual background of designing support systems, a new infrastructure that can be used to address the common needs of disaster management stakeholders. It discusses the available and innovative strategies through which these needs might be met, by focusing on approaches, instruments, techniques, and tools provided by a clearly structured decision-support methodology.

Disaster management (DM) is a strategic design aimed at reducing vulnerability to disasters and implementing measures for the establishment of a comprehensive plan with prompt responses in natural or man-made disaster situations. Disaster management is a continuous and integrated cyclical process, planning, organizing, and managing resources and responsibilities in order to achieve strategic objectives in dangerous situations of everyday life. These situations present problems that require complex arrangements and strategies to solve, as it becomes evident that the tasks involved are difficult or sensitive to the emergencies in such situations. It is important to strictly follow emergency plans, in order to evolve, prepare, design, program, and drill for maximum effectiveness.

Effective strategies in disaster management

2. Key Components of Disaster Management Plans

In the emergency management plans, there are several guiding principles. They include: updated emergency procedures; emergency contact information; an announcement roster and log, an overall plan that details tasks and specific roles and responsibilities; and the identification of horizontal and vertical command centers. It is also important to have an emergency recovery plan for information technology because most companies have information technology capabilities. Within organizations, the dependency on these capabilities is high. In most business cases, the recovery time objective and the point during which a business operates have to be within the timeframes of the plan.

There are five key components of a disaster plan. These consist of emergency management plans; disaster recovery plans; continuity of operations plans; pandemic business contingency plans; and pandemic workforce contingency plans. While these plans are important to an organization, the integrity of the strategies should be decided by the nature of the organization and dire consequences it might have. The decision to ensure what type of plan is appropriate for the organization depends on the available resources and time that the organization requires. The strategies should be tailored to the systems of the organization and are appropriate for the organization’s desired minimum recovery time for its normal operational level. It should also be protected or sealed to secure the information.

3. Community Engagement and Preparedness

Effective community-level strategies to develop resilience should involve community members at the planning level (e.g., preparedness and recovery plans), support existing community processes, networks, and leadership, and respect the unique characteristics of the community. This can be facilitated by local government providing an environment that encourages mutual support and problem-solving, where its services are self-reflective and flexible, or curtail of ‘top-down’ decisions and traditional police directives is required. Building community capacity starts even before disasters occur. One way to do this is through local resilience projects, such as supporting local community projects, intangible and tangible asset development, and community partnerships/links. Providing basic infrastructure to help vulnerable communities adapt to a changing climate improves community livability, increases social connectedness, and contributes to better health and reduced disaster risk.

Traditionally, communities are seen as ‘vulnerable’ and at risk during a crisis. In fact, given the resources and social networks that exist within communities, they have the capacity to contribute to the effective management of crises and facilitate the recovery process. By fostering relationships with community networks prior to crises, local resources are more effectively implemented. Empowerment, peer support, knowledge sharing, collaboration, trust, relationship building, and coordination are the main characteristics of community engagement that contribute to local disaster management. Redefining the traditional community-vulnerable view of disaster risk management and harnessing the strengths and resources available within the wider community is critical to co-constructing more effective approaches to disaster risk management. Engaging with what has been called the ‘soft’ mobilization of local communities can therefore add value to resilience capabilities.

4. Technological Innovations in Disaster Response

Research has also suggested even more novel future fire-fighting techniques. By understanding the chemistry of fire, researchers have learned that the rapidly spreading chain reaction involved in fire’s consumption of oxygen can be interrupted by the introduction of a small amount of concentrated halogenated hydrocarbon into the microscopic spheres of fuel (moisture surrounded by air) where such a reaction makes rapid communication possible. In some promising laboratory tests, the agents of such specialized fire extinguishers consume a few percent more oxygen than air in a bedroom and accordingly snuff out fire in short order. Not only would these highly efficient fire suppressants conquer the usual challenges of the modern home (e.g., the lack of water heaters, the many sources of flammable material) but they would also spare the home’s contents from the abuse that water often brings to homeowners who survive only to see their household goods soak in the continuing dominations of the brown75. Stated more generally, the same technological and scientific innovation that has always improved the ability to analyze natural hazard reinforces engineering ability to protect oneself from it.

Thanks to technological innovation, the concept of disaster management has been refined and rethought. Many of the studies suggest that a time may come when even the worst characteristic of an industrial society – its vulnerability to catastrophic industrial accidents – is greatly reduced. A variety of important devices make this happy conclusion plausible. The long-standing emphasis on fighting fires offers a representative example. New alarms promote quick awareness of a fire. Foam-based extinguishers put out fires much more effectively than water ever did. In some buildings, pressurized stairwells can be designed to keep natural drafts from turning a relatively small fire in a waste basket into a truly deadly conflagration. For that matter, the discipline of architectural engineering has contributed differently; smoke detectors have been relocated so as to give occupants better notice of fire emergencies.